Problem Taxonomy

The problem taxonomy is the classification tree that organizes every analysis algorithm, metric, alarm, and AI insight in Kudzu Canopy NOC. Instead of presenting a flat list of KPIs, the platform groups them under operational concerns so you can navigate from a broad area of interest down to specific evidence.

Why it matters#

A modern LoRaWAN network can produce dozens of metrics across service quality, RF coverage, capacity, infrastructure health, and operational integrity. Without structure, those metrics become overwhelming. The problem taxonomy gives you a consistent navigation path: start with the operational concern you care about, drill into the specific sub-problem, inspect the alarms and KPIs, and then view the affected devices, gateways, or map cells. Every view that shows metrics — the Metrics Dashboard, Alarms, AI Insights, and Reports — uses this same tree.

How it works#

The hierarchy#

The taxonomy is a tree with five levels:

Category
 └── Sub-problem
      └── Analysis algorithm
           └── Metric (KPI)
                └── Alarm

Each level narrows the scope:

  1. Category — a root-level operational concern (see the five categories below).
  2. Sub-problem — a specific issue area within that category.
  3. Analysis algorithm — the scheduled program that reads network data and computes results for the sub-problem.
  4. Metric — a single computed value emitted by an algorithm, such as a count, ratio, or score with entity references.
  5. Alarm — a threshold rule attached to a metric that fires when the value crosses a configured boundary.

The five root categories#

CategoryQuestion it answers
Quality of ServiceThe north-star category — closest to business impact and SLAs. Is the network delivering the service expected by applications and customers?
Coverage & RF QualityPhysical-layer and propagation issues. Is the radio environment healthy and sufficient?
Capacity & PerformanceResource contention and scaling limits. Can the network handle current and future load?
Infrastructure & ConnectivityNon-RF system failures. Is the network infrastructure itself functioning correctly?
Compliance, Security & Operational IntegrityProtocol correctness, abuse, and operational discipline. Is the network behaving correctly, safely, and within rules?

Tree diagram#

The full category and sub-problem tree currently shipped with the platform:

Problem Taxonomy
├── Quality of Service
│   ├── Uplink Delivery Failure
│   ├── Downlink Delivery Failure
│   ├── Join & Access Failure
│   ├── Device Inactivity & Traffic Drop-off
│   ├── Device Behavior Instability
│   └── Customer Specific
├── Coverage & RF Quality
│   ├── Weak Signal / Coverage Degradation
│   ├── Coverage Gaps
│   ├── Frame Integrity Issues
│   └── External RF Contention & Attribution
├── Capacity & Performance
│   ├── Airtime Imbalance
│   ├── Gateway Saturation
│   └── Capacity Forecasting
├── Infrastructure & Connectivity
│   ├── Gateway Availability
│   └── Low Network Redundancy
└── Compliance, Security & Operational Integrity
    ├── Duty Cycle Violation
    ├── ADR & Protocol Compliance
    └── Identity & Provisioning Issues

Each sub-problem is implemented by one or more analysis algorithms that compute metrics, and those metrics carry the alarms you see in the Alarms view.

Sub-problem reference#

The table below summarizes the operational concern that each sub-problem addresses.

CategorySub-problemWhat it covers
Quality of ServiceUplink Delivery FailureUplink frames that never reach the application server, or are reconstructed from gateway-level losses.
Quality of ServiceDownlink Delivery FailureDownlink frames the network could not deliver to the device, including missed confirmed-uplink acknowledgements.
Quality of ServiceJoin & Access FailureDevices unable to complete OTAA join or repeatedly being rejected by the network.
Quality of ServiceDevice Inactivity & Traffic Drop-offDevices that stop transmitting or whose traffic decays compared to their historical baseline.
Quality of ServiceDevice Behavior InstabilityErratic frame counters, payload sizes, or transmission cadences indicating a misbehaving end-device.
Quality of ServiceCustomer SpecificAnalyses crafted specifically for select customers.
Coverage & RF QualityWeak Signal / Coverage DegradationSustained low RSSI/SNR or rising spreading factors that point to deteriorating link budget.
Coverage & RF QualityCoverage GapsGeographic cells with no usable gateway reception, identified from device positions and gateway footprints.
Coverage & RF QualityFrame Integrity IssuesCRC errors, malformed frames, and decoding failures at the gateway.
Coverage & RF QualityExternal RF Contention & AttributionNearby third-party LoRaWAN activity that may materially affect this network, with estimates of how much surrounding RF activity is external and likely source regions for that external footprint.
Capacity & PerformanceAirtime ImbalanceUneven airtime consumption across channels, spreading factors, or gateways.
Capacity & PerformanceGateway SaturationGateways approaching their reception or duty-cycle limits during peak periods.
Capacity & PerformanceCapacity ForecastingForward-looking projections of channel and gateway utilization based on current trends.
Infrastructure & ConnectivityGateway AvailabilityGateways that go offline, flap, or fail to keep their backhaul connection up.
Infrastructure & ConnectivityLow Network RedundancyAreas served by a single gateway, where any single failure causes coverage loss.
Compliance, Security & Operational IntegrityDuty Cycle ViolationDevices or gateways exceeding regional duty-cycle limits.
Compliance, Security & Operational IntegrityADR & Protocol ComplianceDeviations from LoRaWAN specification, including ADR misbehavior and unexpected MAC commands.
Compliance, Security & Operational IntegrityIdentity & Provisioning IssuesOnboarding, inventory consistency, and device identity conflicts — are devices provisioned correctly, uniquely identified, and actually appearing on the network as expected?

How the taxonomy connects features#

The taxonomy is not just an organizational convenience — it is the structural backbone that ties the Metrics Dashboard, Alarms view, AI Insights, and Reports together:

  • Metrics Dashboard groups KPI cards under their taxonomy categories and sub-problems. You can expand a category to see the algorithms and metrics beneath it.
  • Alarms groups active and historical alarms by the same tree, so you can see all firing alarms for a particular operational concern at once.
  • AI Insights reference taxonomy nodes when identifying problems and proposing solutions, making it easy to trace a recommendation back to the underlying metrics.
  • Reports organize their findings along taxonomy lines, giving readers a structured summary of each operational area.

When you hover over or click a problem category or algorithm on the Metrics Dashboard, the adjacent map panel updates to highlight the geographic features associated with that scope. You can lock the map focus by clicking the section title.

Where you see this#